The Stability of Proprietary Standards in the Network Era

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Unlike the early days of the computer industry in which computer manufacturers developed vertically integrated proprietary hardware/software systems, many technological systems today are collections of commodity components (West 1). Common data formats, protocols, and interfaces allow these various components to communicate and share data. The world wide web, for example, operates on the HTTP message [...]

Django – An Ethnographic Study of an Open Source Software Project

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Django is a Python web framework – a collection of tools for developing web applications. Django was originally developed at World Online, the web department of a newspaper in Lawrence, Kansas, as “The CMS ”. The development team comprised of Adrian Holovaty, Simon Willison, and later Jacob Kaplan-Moss and Wilson Miner. Now an open source [...]